Original Research Paper
A.T. Payandeh Najafabadi; M. Sakizadeh
Abstract
Recently, the regulations related to compulsory third party damage insurance due to accidents caused by vehicles, or third party insurance in short, have been changed by the Central Insurance.Purpose: This article presents the main differences between the new and old regulations and then calculates the ...
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Recently, the regulations related to compulsory third party damage insurance due to accidents caused by vehicles, or third party insurance in short, have been changed by the Central Insurance.Purpose: This article presents the main differences between the new and old regulations and then calculates the relative insurance premiums of both regulations and compares their reward and penalty systems based on actuarial criteria.Findings of the article: To achieve this goal, first its mathematical form is rewritten in the form of a reward-penalty system, then the stable distribution of the system is calculated and based on that, the relative premium of the new reward-penalty system is calculated using the linear method.Methodology: In order to compare the proposed insurance premium, the stable distribution of the new and old reward-penalty system, and the insurance premium declared by the Central Insurance Agency, are given below. Finally, two old and new reward-penalty systems are compared with each other using the duration of desire to steady state, Louis-Marenta efficiency criteria and the average level of relative stability.Conclusion: Based on these comparisons, it can be concluded that in general, in the new third party insurance system, unlike the old system, it has the advantage of reaching a stable state sooner, but the insurance premiums provided by the estimated values of the current research are more efficient and fair than the insurance premiums provided are provided by the Central Insurance.
Original Research Paper
M.R. Asghari Oskoei; F. Khanizadeh; A. Bahador
Abstract
Objective: Classifying the risk of policyholders based on observable characteristics can help insurance companies to reduce losses, identify customers more accurately, and prevent adverse selection in the insurance market. The purpose of this article is to examine the financial losses caused by third ...
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Objective: Classifying the risk of policyholders based on observable characteristics can help insurance companies to reduce losses, identify customers more accurately, and prevent adverse selection in the insurance market. The purpose of this article is to examine the financial losses caused by third party insurance and to predict the risk of policyholders in the event of an accident.Methodology: using decision tree algorithms, support vector machine, Naive Bayes and neural network; The hidden data patterns have been discovered in order to classify third party insurance policyholders. Also, the unbalanced distribution of data in two groups of damaged and undamaged causes an important challenge in the application of machine learning and data mining methods, which is considered in this article.Findings: The data set belongs to one of the insurance companies and contains more than four hundred thousand samples registered in five years and includes four independent variables of car type, car group, license plate type and car age and a dependent and two-valued variable of financial damage. According to the obtained results, the best performance and prediction accuracy (with accuracy F1=0.72±0.01) is related to the decision tree model.Conclusion: The impact of variables on the occurrence of damage in order of priority are: car type, license plate type, car age and car group. The evaluation results show that more data related to the driver's characteristics is needed for more accurate prediction of damage and high-risk customers.
Original Research Paper
M. Rojooii
Abstract
Objective: It is very important to know the dimensions of strategic market orientation in industries where the intensity of competition is high and customers have different and diverse needs and demands. Obtaining market information and knowledge and responding based on it is the existential philosophy ...
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Objective: It is very important to know the dimensions of strategic market orientation in industries where the intensity of competition is high and customers have different and diverse needs and demands. Obtaining market information and knowledge and responding based on it is the existential philosophy of market orientation. The main goal of this research is to conceptualize strategic market orientation and its relationship with performance in Iran's insurance industry.Methodology: This research is applied and of descriptive survey type. The statistical population of the research consists of the managers of 16,681 public and private insurance agencies in the provinces of Tehran, Khorasan Razavi, Isfahan, Fars, East Azerbaijan and Khuzestan, from which a sample of 300 was selected using the limited population sampling formula and stratified random sampling method. The representative has been selected. The data obtained from the questionnaires were analyzed through structural equation modeling using AMOS18 software in order to test the research hypotheses. The validity of the questionnaire was confirmed through content and construct validity and its reliability with Cronbach's alpha coefficient.Findings: The results of the research show that strategic market orientation has a positive and significant effect on the financial and non-financial performance of Iran's insurance industry; The mediating role of non-financial performance in the relationship between market orientation and financial performance was also confirmed.Conclusion: Collecting and analyzing information related to customers and competitors and then designing a market-oriented strategy in accordance with environmental opportunities and threats in order to respond to them and providing process, system and behavioral infrastructure to implement this strategy directly, financial indicators and Improves non-financial in Iran's insurance industry.
Original Research Paper
S.F. Shahbazadeh Zaferani; Ebrahim Abbasi; H. Dideh Khani
Abstract
Purpose: Since the survival of obligations related to policyholders and maximizing the company's benefits are among the most important goals of insurance companies, and on the other hand, the regulatory organizations of each country approve special laws and regulations, and managers try to adopt precautionary ...
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Purpose: Since the survival of obligations related to policyholders and maximizing the company's benefits are among the most important goals of insurance companies, and on the other hand, the regulatory organizations of each country approve special laws and regulations, and managers try to adopt precautionary measures and new technical and financial solutions to be able to keep insurance companies' finances at an acceptable level, therefore, the purpose of this research is to provide an intelligent model to predict financial wealth in insurance companies, as a decision support system.Methodology: In order to provide a model predicting the financial wealth of insurance companies, 17 variables have been extracted as predictor variables to predict the financial wealth class from the reliable sources of the Central Insurance website of J.A. In this research, the results obtained from the application of different prediction models based on artificial intelligence were compared, including: decision tree, neural network, Nyboys, and in the next step, the ranking of predictive algorithms was examined.Findings: The results of this research showed that the decision tree has the best performance in predicting financial wealth with 99% accuracy, considering that the decision tree is a non-linear recognition and mapping model and chaotic patterns between the target and decision variables.Conclusion: It proves the high accuracy of the decision tree model in predicting financial prosperity, and the model extracted using the decision tree has a very high accuracy and capability in estimation.
Original Research Paper
M. Aalaei; M.M. Azizi Amiri; F. Khalighi; M.S. Askari
Abstract
Purpose: This article examines the effect of risk culture on risk management performance in insurance companies providing supplementary medical insurance from two perspectives of neoclassical economics and enterprise risk management.Methodology: Hierarchical Process (AHP)Findings: In this article, the ...
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Purpose: This article examines the effect of risk culture on risk management performance in insurance companies providing supplementary medical insurance from two perspectives of neoclassical economics and enterprise risk management.Methodology: Hierarchical Process (AHP)Findings: In this article, the ten principles of risk management and four cultures based on multiple rationality theory were presented, and the ideas and principles of neoclassical economics and enterprise risk management for insurance companies providing supplementary medical insurance were examined. The findings of this research show that the principles of "enterprise risk management" with a weight of 62.1 percent compared to "neoclassical economics" with a weight of 37.9 percent have obtained the highest rank in relation to the overall goal. Also, the criteria of "risk appetite" and "separation of actions and risk management" gained the most weight in choosing the company's risk management compared to other criteria.Conclusion: Based on the findings of the research, it is concluded that the principles of risk culture are more compatible with the principles of enterprise risk management, but this does not mean that the principles of enterprise risk management and neoclassical economics cannot be effectively used simultaneously in a company. Rather, insurance companies choose a combination of these two principles. In other words, insurance companies choose different combinations of four approaches based on multiple rationality theory. Also, considering that the attitude of Central Insurance towards risk strategy has effects on the risk culture of insurance companies, it is recommended that Central Insurance adopt an optimal attitude in this field according to the conditions and requirements of the country's insurance industry.
Original Research Paper
J. Nory Yoshanloey; H. Vojgani
Abstract
Objective: Obtaining the results of oil and gas upstream operations in order to attract international investments is basically possible by preventing or fully covering the risks caused by them, for which many insurance methods have been used until now, but comprehensive insurance agreements are new innovations ...
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Objective: Obtaining the results of oil and gas upstream operations in order to attract international investments is basically possible by preventing or fully covering the risks caused by them, for which many insurance methods have been used until now, but comprehensive insurance agreements are new innovations whose applications, unfortunately, in the system Iranian law remains unknown and the purpose of writing this article is to identify this insurance method.Methodology: In order to achieve the goals of the research, the authors have used the library method and reviewed the sample agreements provided by some international insurance companies as well as similar insurance contracts.Findings: By comparing common insurance methods in the insurance industry and comprehensive insurance agreements, the authors found that spending less time, paying lower insurance premiums, conducting more balanced negotiations, fewer contractual disputes, more flexibility in including insurance coverages, and most importantly the ability Its extension to employers, main contractors and subcontractors involved in an upstream oil and gas project and multiple insurers is one of the benefits of using comprehensive insurance agreements in upstream oil and gas projects.Conclusion: During the investigations carried out in this article, comprehensive insurance agreements are able to cover the risks of all stages of upstream oil and gas operations, including the stages of exploration, evaluation, development and production, and for risks such as oil seepage from the well, eruption, loss of drilling mud. , drilling tools getting stuck inside the well, wall pipes breaking, damage to equipment during transportation to offshore areas, damage to production and extraction equipment, life and financial damage to third parties, occurrence of environmental pollution, stoppage and delay in the implementation of operations, damage to cargo Mariya and others, under a single agreement, provides insurance coverage, which reveals the necessity of immediate adaptation of this insurance method in upstream oil and gas operations.
Original Research Paper
A. Rajabi; V. Mirnejad
Abstract
Purpose: to use the property right insurance of the existing legal systems in Iranian law to solve the problems of real estate transactionsResearch method: property right insurance in America is described and its position in Iranian law is analyzed.Findings: Real estate transactions are sensitive transactions ...
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Purpose: to use the property right insurance of the existing legal systems in Iranian law to solve the problems of real estate transactionsResearch method: property right insurance in America is described and its position in Iranian law is analyzed.Findings: Real estate transactions are sensitive transactions that can be predicted in various ways to regulate them and support the victims. The protection of the buyer in good faith requires the insurance of the transaction and the compensation of the loss due to the wrongdoing of the seller or the discovery of other defects of the seller. By accessing the registered information and by examining and auditing the property, insurance companies guarantee its legal and credit status in addition to the objective status, such as the absence of defects. The effects of this type of insurance are fruitful for the society and the legal system; Because in addition to maintaining the credibility of notary documents, through the review of insurers, it establishes the security and reliability of real estate transactions and the encouragement of buyers to make a safer purchase, and this itself can lead to the security of the transaction and increase the real value of the property, create employment and The most important thing is to detect corrupt transactions with property audits by insurance companies.Result: The position of property right insurance among all types of insurance policies is a subset of property and sometimes liability insurance. There is no legal prohibition to apply this insurance in Iranian law. But one of the practical obstacles of this insurance is the state of real estate registration and transactions related to it in the country, which is not in line with the basic principles of economics and law. The proposals include the following: determining the general conditions of this insurance policy and its approval by the Supreme Council of Insurance and determining the exact amount of compensation from the owners and the way of compensation in these insurance policies. Provision of dedicated branches to deal with the cases of insurers' claims in the courts; Also, the interpretation of the law by court judges should be in line with maintaining the validity of the official document, and the approval of the law should be in line with the necessity of regulating real estate transactions by lawyers.
Original Research Paper
H. Afkar; A. Khodabakhshi; S.M. Seidzadeh Sani
Abstract
Objective: Many harmful incidents are presented in criminal courts in order to be combined with bodily injury, and paying attention to the situation of the parties to the loss lawsuit, the interests of the insurer and the judicial system requires that the preparation of the loss is done with the least ...
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Objective: Many harmful incidents are presented in criminal courts in order to be combined with bodily injury, and paying attention to the situation of the parties to the loss lawsuit, the interests of the insurer and the judicial system requires that the preparation of the loss is done with the least time and cost. The history of the judicial procedure shows that sometimes the criminal authority closes the case due to reasons such as the death of the accused, the absence of a crime, etc. The present study is carried out in order to explain the new approach of the legislator in the faster and less expensive compensation of bodily injuries, in order to examine the effect of Note (1) of Article 85 of the Criminal Procedure Law on the insurer, the theory of compensation for bodily damages caused by an accident in a proceeding to prevent To strengthen the insurer and judicial system from repeating lawsuits and imposing costs on the parties of the case.Methodology: The method used in this research is the descriptive-analytical method, and the decisions in the judicial procedure will be used as study documents.Findings: In addition to some disadvantages of the expanded interpretation of Note (1) of Article 85 of the Criminal Procedure Law, the analysis of the economic and social results of the mentioned regulation requires the need to deal with the consequences of an incident in a single manner, and the new procedure of the criminal courts is also in this direction. tends toConclusion: The scope of Note (1) of Article 85 of the Criminal Procedure Law can be extended to the personal injury insurance fund and the insurer in addition to the financial institution; Also, by including the injuries caused by the accident and those not caused by the accident in the aforementioned note, it is necessary to provide the necessary ground for dealing with the compensation of the physical damages caused by the accident in a proceeding.
