Original Research Paper
A.A. Najafi; E. Farokhnejad; H.R. Nouralizadeh
Abstract
Reforming institutions with the aim of improving society's welfare is one of the goals of economic policymakers. In this research, the efficiency of insurance companies and the effect of reforming the rate and tariff system (institutional change) in 2018 have been analyzed. For this purpose, in the first ...
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Reforming institutions with the aim of improving society's welfare is one of the goals of economic policymakers. In this research, the efficiency of insurance companies and the effect of reforming the rate and tariff system (institutional change) in 2018 have been analyzed. For this purpose, in the first stage, the efficiency of insurance companies during the years 1382-1390 has been calculated with the combined approach of Gram-Schmidt and data coverage analysis. At this stage, first, the correlation between the variables of the model is reduced by the Gram-Schmidt algorithm, and then the efficiency of the companies is calculated by the MSBM model, which has the ability to deal with negative numbers. In the second stage, the effect of liberalizing the tariff system and other explanatory environmental variables on the efficiency of insurance companies during 9 years has been investigated by the GEE model. The results of the research showed that the reform of the tariff system had a negative effect on the efficiency of insurance companies and caused a decrease in the efficiency of insurance companies. At the end, suitable solutions are proposed to get out of the current situation.
Original Research Paper
V. Mahmoudi; S. Khamseh
Abstract
One of the topics discussed in the financial field is the relationship between the ownership structure of companies and their performance. Increasing the performance indicators on one hand has satisfied the shareholders and on the other hand it is considered as an opportunity to increase the risk acceptance ...
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One of the topics discussed in the financial field is the relationship between the ownership structure of companies and their performance. Increasing the performance indicators on one hand has satisfied the shareholders and on the other hand it is considered as an opportunity to increase the risk acceptance capacities of the companies. In this research, the role of ownership type of major shareholders (banking and non-banking ownership) on the performance of insurance companies in Iran has been investigated. In order to measure performance, two measures of return on company assets and return on equity have been used as dependent variables. The required data was extracted from the financial statements of 16 insurance companies during the period of 2013 to 2015.The findings of the research indicate the existence of a positive and significant linear relationship between major bank ownership and the performance of insurance companies, which confirms the regulatory hypothesis. Also, insurance companies can take advantage of their technical capacities in the fields of technology and finance and have the support of a strong financial institution in times of crisis. On the other hand, the results of the tests indicate that there is no significant relationship between major non-bank ownership and performance criteria.
Original Research Paper
Gh. Mahdavi; J. Alipour
Abstract
One of the factors of insufficient demand for life insurance in the country is the presence of stable inflation, which reduces the purchasing power of life insurance capital. To investigate this issue, 204 questionnaires were distributed among two equal groups of life insurance buyers and those who have ...
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One of the factors of insufficient demand for life insurance in the country is the presence of stable inflation, which reduces the purchasing power of life insurance capital. To investigate this issue, 204 questionnaires were distributed among two equal groups of life insurance buyers and those who have not bought life insurance yet. Statistical tests show that with 99% probability, the hypothesis that the most important factor in the lack of demand for life insurance is inflation is confirmed.In order to eliminate the negative effect of inflation on the demand for life insurance, the solution of providing an optimal monetary basket instead of the Rial amount in the calculation of the insurance capital at the time of death was investigated. To obtain the optimal currency basket, the genetic algorithm method was used, and the optimal weights for the currency units of the basket were Iranian Rial (0.008), Norwegian Krone (0.066), American Dollar (0.522) and Euro (0.404). ) was calculated.
Original Research Paper
A.H. Jangi; A. Asadi; S.O. MirAghazadeh
Abstract
Supervision of insurance companies has always been one of the most important concerns of governments. In insurance, paying the price of providing the service before the service (payment of damages) and the ability to fulfill obligations by the obligee (insurer) is one of the most important challenges ...
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Supervision of insurance companies has always been one of the most important concerns of governments. In insurance, paying the price of providing the service before the service (payment of damages) and the ability to fulfill obligations by the obligee (insurer) is one of the most important challenges facing the insurers, to the extent that it has forced governments to create strict and restrictive laws. Among these laws is the existence of insurance companies' ability to face risk and compensate for losses caused by major risks such as natural disasters or unexpected events. In Iran, there is a clear contradiction between insurance and accounting laws. With the formulation of accounting standard 28 in 2008, the gap between this standard and insurance realities became apparent. In insurance, it is always important to correctly estimate the damage and create a sufficient reserve for a risk, at an unknown time or place, but in accounting standards, to create a reserve with the above conditions due to the lack of identification of the beneficiary or the correct estimation of the amount and time of the loss, the liability Unrecognized and additional technical reserve (natural disaster) is not considered a liability. In this research, the results of the implementation of the 28th accounting standard and the failure to calculate the supplementary technical reserve, as well as the effect of the increase in insurance companies' claims on the insurance companies' solvency limit, have been evaluated.
Original Research Paper
Kh. Abili; Z. Nikkhah Farkhani; M. Salehnia
Abstract
The important role of insurance sellers in the profitability and competitiveness of the insurance industry at the micro and macro levels and the need to adopt a coherent and scientific approach in the selection and development of the activists in this field, identifying the required competencies is of ...
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The important role of insurance sellers in the profitability and competitiveness of the insurance industry at the micro and macro levels and the need to adopt a coherent and scientific approach in the selection and development of the activists in this field, identifying the required competencies is of particular importance. In this regard, the current research, with a resource-oriented perspective and using the pragmatism approach, first determined the competencies required by insurance sellers using the Delphi technique, and then ranked the calculated competencies using the fuzzy network analysis model. In order to explain the components of the model and check the construct validity of the questionnaires, confirmatory factor analysis method and Lisrel software have been used. The results showed that, in order of priority, the competencies of problem solving, communication, insurance knowledge, professional ethics, the ability to use information technology, creativity, risk management, emotional intelligence, familiarity with various financial services and familiarity with Internet marketing techniques are among the most important. Qualifications required by insurance salespeople.The results of this research, in addition to the fact that in the field of human resources planning, it can open the way for managers of the insurance industry, in the field of recruitment, recruitment, training, and even in the field of performance evaluation of the sales network, it can also be useful and fruitful for managers.
Original Research Paper
H. Arazmjoo; Y. Ghaseminezhad; Sh. Tayar
Abstract
Knowledge is considered as one of the important components in gaining sustainable competitive advantage, efficiency preservation and the effectiveness of organizations. Management of this valuable asset needs a special attention to optimizing the required organizational capabilities, making solidarity ...
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Knowledge is considered as one of the important components in gaining sustainable competitive advantage, efficiency preservation and the effectiveness of organizations. Management of this valuable asset needs a special attention to optimizing the required organizational capabilities, making solidarity and coordination between them. Therefore, organizational capabilities have an impressive role in facilitating knowledge management’s implementations and producing competitive environment in the organization. For this reason, in this article, the role and effect of technological, structural and cultural capabilities in the prosperity of the organization’s competitive performance have been investigated considering the mediator role of knowledge management. The statistical population of the research included 200 experts and managers in a private insurance company. To gather the data, the census method and questionnaire have been used. In order to test the hypothesises and the research model, Partial Least Square (PLS) method has been used. The research findings indicated that the cultural capability has a positive and meaningful correlation with the organization’s competitive performance. Also, the research findings confirmed the mediator role of the knowledge management. Based on the findings, some suggestions were presented to the managers and researchers of this organization.
Original Research Paper
S. Sehhat; S.K. Nourbakhsh; L. Rezaee Hajidehi
Abstract
This research has been done with the aim of identifying factors affecting brand loyalty in insurance companies affiliated with banks. The statistical population includes insurance companies affiliated with banks in Tehran, and the respondent population consists of customers and users of the services ...
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This research has been done with the aim of identifying factors affecting brand loyalty in insurance companies affiliated with banks. The statistical population includes insurance companies affiliated with banks in Tehran, and the respondent population consists of customers and users of the services of the aforementioned companies. The research results show that brand interest has the greatest impact on customer loyalty. Of course, commitment to the brand and emotional approaches in strategic relationship marketing are also effective in attracting customer loyalty directly and indirectly. Among the components of strategic relational marketing, emotional approaches have had the greatest impact on customer loyalty. After that, variables such as uniqueness, trust and mental image have had the greatest impact on customer loyalty. In the meantime, the "switching cost" variable has not had any significant direct or indirect effect on improving the level of customer loyalty.
Original Research Paper
F. Salavati; E. Bahrami Samani
Abstract
In third-party insurance, due to the reward-penalty system and the use of the end-of-year bonus system, the insured does not report his small losses to the insurance company. This creates many zeros in the number of claims for the insured. On the other hand, it is important for insurance companies to ...
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In third-party insurance, due to the reward-penalty system and the use of the end-of-year bonus system, the insured does not report his small losses to the insurance company. This creates many zeros in the number of claims for the insured. On the other hand, it is important for insurance companies to analyze the number of claims and the risk factors on this answer. For this purpose, some models with count responses using power series distribution such as Poisson regression model and negative binomial regression model and zero-accumulated power series distribution such as zero-accumulated Poisson regression model and zero-accumulated negative binomial regression for third-party insurance data analysis It is used with many zeros. In this paper, these models can be generalized to longitudinal third-party insurance data with a large number of zeros. A likelihood-based approach is used to obtain model parameter estimates. In this method, the EM algorithm is also used to estimate the parameters for models with zero accumulated response. Finally, to explain the usefulness of the proposed models, real longitudinal data of third party insurance has been analyzed.
Original Research Paper
M. Izanloo; F. Fooladgar
Abstract
The benefit of the insured is the main pillar and consideration of the insurance contract from betting and gambling. Interest as a necessary element of the contract is mentioned in Article 4 of Iran's Insurance Law and in the field of damage insurance, but in our legal literature it has not been discussed ...
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The benefit of the insured is the main pillar and consideration of the insurance contract from betting and gambling. Interest as a necessary element of the contract is mentioned in Article 4 of Iran's Insurance Law and in the field of damage insurance, but in our legal literature it has not been discussed and studied independently under the title of "insurable interest", so addressing the conceptual dimensions and Its example in Iranian law is necessary due to its essential role in the insurance contract. This article, with a comparative method, aims to explain the nature and examples of this basic concept of insurance in damage insurance, to examine the territory of the insured's interest in this field and compare it with the laws of England and France, and a clear concept of the insured's interest in Iranian law. Present According to Article 4 of Iran's Insurance Law, the benefit of the insured includes any financial right, but adhering to the generality of the above article requires careful analysis of each instance of financial right in the country's legal system.
Original Research Paper
M.H. Kaviani; Z. Mirzaee
Abstract
The issue of supporting workers during unemployment has always been the concern of governments and among the original ideals of human rights organizations, especially the International Labor Organization, due to its two important economic and social aspects.The most important type of support that can ...
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The issue of supporting workers during unemployment has always been the concern of governments and among the original ideals of human rights organizations, especially the International Labor Organization, due to its two important economic and social aspects.The most important type of support that can be applied during unemployment is unemployment insurance, which dates back to the time when the first ominous consequences of unemployment occurred in industrialized countries. By comparing the mentioned issue in the two countries of Iran and Germany, while clarifying the disadvantages and advantages of both systems, it can be seen that Germany's experience as an industrial and leading country in the field of social insurance is useful and exploitable in many cases for Iran's rights in this field (of course considering the differences between the two countries). Iran's labor rights in the field of unemployment is still a relatively new law and it is necessary to take steps forward by taking advantage of the successful experience of other countries and adhering to the standards of the International Labor Organization.
