Original Research Paper
Insurance rights
khadijeh Mozafari
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: In order to create a secondary life insurance market in which life insurance policy holders can easily sell their insurance policies, it is necessary to identify and investigate the legal bases and effects of life insurance policy assignments so as to set up the relevant rules ...
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BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: In order to create a secondary life insurance market in which life insurance policy holders can easily sell their insurance policies, it is necessary to identify and investigate the legal bases and effects of life insurance policy assignments so as to set up the relevant rules governing this market. In this regard, this research seeks to examine the legal challenges of transferring life insurance policies from one person to another.METHODS: Legal analysis is done using legal texts, including jurisprudence, legal books, and domestic and foreign published articles. Based on this, the working method in this article will be library, analytical, and descriptive one. In this way, the juridical and legal foundations of life insurance transfer are examined first, and then the nature of the transfer contract is studied, and finally, the effects and rulings resulting from this transfer are analyzed accordingly.FINDINGS: Regarding the rules governing life insurance in Iran's legal system, unlike many legal systems in the world, not many laws have been approved and this part has been neglected by the legislator. This is the basis for the emergence of disagreements regarding the rulings related to this insurance. Most of the provisions related to the life insurance policy in Iran should be extracted from the general conditions of the life insurance policy and the law is silent about most of the cases.CONCLUSION: This article shows that it is possible to transfer a life insurance policy and extract rulings governing this transfer based on the current laws and regulations in Iran's legal system using general regulations to a large extent. Based on the principle of freedom of contract transfer, it is allowed to transfer any contract that is not based on an individual. The effects of this transition are discussed in detail in the article.
Original Research Paper
Industrial organization of insurance markets
S. Refoua
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Insurance industry is a knowledge-based industry by nature. Therefore, knowledge management strategy can be considered a factor for the success of insurance companies. Considering the importance of this issue, knowing its drivers and inhibitors in insurance will play an essential ...
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BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Insurance industry is a knowledge-based industry by nature. Therefore, knowledge management strategy can be considered a factor for the success of insurance companies. Considering the importance of this issue, knowing its drivers and inhibitors in insurance will play an essential role in the successful implementation of knowledge management in insurance companies. Accordingly, the main goal of the research is to identify the driving and inhibiting factors of the implementation of knowledge management in insurance industry.METHODS: The current research is developmental-applied in terms of its purpose and is categorized as a qualitative research. The data collection tool was in-depth interviews and a purposive sampling method with a theoretical approach. In this research, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 15 executive and operational managers of insurance companies. A qualitative data analysis was done using the thematic analysis method.FINDINGS: In this research, 155 codes were identified in two main groups of drivers and inhibitors. These codes are in 17 driving themes, including improving organizational relationships and interactions, improving organizational atmosphere, creating and promoting knowledge culture, redesigning organizational structure, developing knowledge behaviors of the organization, databases, software and hardware infrastructure supporting knowledge management, general competence of human resources, specialized competence and professional, merit selection and retention of human resources, job and worker suitability, motivational and incentive policies, management insight and thinking, management approach to knowledge, on-the-job training based on job requirements, development of effective training, update training, knowledge evaluation, career advancement, pillars were placed in insurance industry. 45 codes were also categorized into 7 inhibiting themes, including human, job, knowledge-related, managerial, appointment, institutional, political, and economic factors.CONCLUSION: The results of this research can be used as a model for the implementation of knowledge management in insurance industry, and based on that, insurance companies can strengthen the drivers and weaken the inhibitors for this purose.
Original Research Paper
Industrial organization of insurance markets
V. Khashei; V. Nourani; P. Shahbazi
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Strategic control, aimed at aligning an organization's strategy with environmental changes and disruptions, can have its own specific pattern in any industry, considering that the organizational environment varies across different industries. In recent years, due to internal ...
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BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Strategic control, aimed at aligning an organization's strategy with environmental changes and disruptions, can have its own specific pattern in any industry, considering that the organizational environment varies across different industries. In recent years, due to internal and international reasons, environmental disruptions for industries in Iran have increased. Therefore, the topic of strategic control has gained special importance. Accordingly, the objective of this study is to propose a model for strategic control, particularly for the insurance industry in Iran, considering various models of strategic control and the diverse indicators it may have.METHODS: This research is fundamental-applied in terms of purpose, exploratory-directed, and a combinatory (qualitative and quantitative) study. The qualitative section of the research is based on a data-oriented research strategy, and the quantitative section employs the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), which is among the multi-criteria decision-making methods. The statistical population of this study consists of senior managers of Iranian insurance companies who have a role or experience in the process of formulating, implementing, and controlling the strategic plans of insurance companies. The sampling method was a theoretical and snowball sampling.FINDINGS: Based on the data obtained from the interviews, the concepts were categorized into two main groups: strategy execution control and strategy content control. In the content control section, three concepts were identified as controlling vital success factors, controlling fundamental assumptions, and scenario-based control. In the execution control section, two concepts were identified as post-action control and operational control. In total, 15 types of control need to be implemented across these five sections, which were evaluated quantitatively in this research. In the quantitative section, competitive control, controlling fundamental market assumptions, and controlling fundamental assumptions of the macro environment received the highest scores.CONCLUSION: Regarding the findings of the research, categorizing the types of strategic controls and scoring them does not mean that some control methods are superior to other methods, and based on the type of strategic approach in any company, each of the controls may be used in different ways and have varying degrees of importance. Also, because of the availability of advanced information technology tools and the insurance industry enjoying plenty of data, it is suggested that insurance companies use these tools more frequently in their strategic control process. Considering the importance of futurology methods including scenario planning in businesses, it is suggested that the insurance industry teach them to its managers and specialists so that by using them, unpredicted incidents will be reduced, and they will be fully ready to face different situations. Finally, in the quantitative evaluation of the research, the control of internal processes and human resources received the lowest points, despite their importance, it is necessary to control them more strongly to strengthen them.
Original Research Paper
Marketing and Sales
M. Khalilzadeh Talatapeh; V. Nasehifar; T. Ghobadi Lamuki; A. Asghari Sarem
Abstract
Objective: Nowadays, in order to continue their activities and attract and retain customers, insurance companies should think more about customer confusion and provide effective strategies to eliminate or reduce customer confusion. For this purpose, this research aims to provide effective strategies ...
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Objective: Nowadays, in order to continue their activities and attract and retain customers, insurance companies should think more about customer confusion and provide effective strategies to eliminate or reduce customer confusion. For this purpose, this research aims to provide effective strategies in managing customer confusion in life insurance.Methodology: This research is based on thematic analysis (coding and recognition of the underlying categories of the interview text or writing). In terms of the objective, it is considered fundamental based on the data collection method. The research participants are experts in insurance and marketing industry. Non-probability, judgmental, and snowball sampling methods were utilized and the number of sample size according to the theoretical saturation of the data was 23 people. Semi-structured interviews were conducted to collect data.FInding: According to the results of the research, 3 central cores and 18 main themes with the title of customer orientation (continuous follow-up of customers, communication with customers, understanding customer needs and improving customer service and well-being), marketing strategies (holding significant and attractive events, word-of-mouth advertising, identity building),desirable in social networks, innovative use of brochures, TV programs, effective advertisements) providing a complete package of high quality services (monitoring the performance of employees, transparency of performance, flexibility in insurance coverage, providing loyalty programs in a new way, focusing on the value chain, visualizing insurance life, use of information technology (intelligence)) were identified.Conclusion: In this research, the strategies of overcoming customer confusion management in life insurance services were considered. According to the findings of the research, using systems to track and understand the needs of customers by creating and maintaining long-term relationship have made customer orientation an important factor. Also, the creation of marketing strategies based on the production of stimulating content and the use of the capacity of virtual space along with the development of programs to provide high-quality services to provide superior value to the customer and according to the current conditions may assist managers and entities in charge to overcome customer confusion. In order for the desired strategy to be successful, it is necessary for managers and entities in charge to consider the confusion of customers in all stages and processes of implementing strategies.
Original Research Paper
Marketing and Sales
D. Memarzadeh; G. Jamali
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Nowadays, companies are required to pay more attention to the environment based on an increase in environmental laws and an increase in public sensitivity to environmental issues. The current research is conducted with the aim of investigating the effect of marketing intelligence ...
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BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Nowadays, companies are required to pay more attention to the environment based on an increase in environmental laws and an increase in public sensitivity to environmental issues. The current research is conducted with the aim of investigating the effect of marketing intelligence on green insurance activities from the customers' points of view (case study of Sarmad insurance agencies in Bushehr province).METHODS: In terms of purpose, the present research is applied, and in terms of implementation method, it is descriptive-survey of correlational type. The statistical population of this research consists of customers of Sarmad Insurance in Bushehr province. In order to identify the statistical sample size, simple random sampling was used and the sample size was determined to be 384 people. The tool for measuring research variables is a questionnaire, which was used to check the validity and reliability of SPSS software. The content validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by the opinion of experts and the incomprehensible items were removed. Structure validity was confirmed using the confirmatory factor analysis and sampling adequacy indices and Bartlett's significance value. The reliability of the questionnaire was obtained using Cronbach's alpha coefficient and the total reliability value was 0.93. Also, to check the research hypotheses, the structural equation model (partial least square), SmartPLS software was used.FINDINGS: The findings of the research indicate that the intelligence of marketing on green insurance activity with the value of t-statistics (13.13), the effectiveness and usefulness of green insurance activities with the value of t-statistics (7.48), the support of information and communication technology on green insurance activity with t-statistic value (8.83), market opportunity on green insurance activity with t-statistic value (6.36), competitive risk on green insurance activity with t-statistic value (5.31) and internal records on insurance activity green has a positive and significant effect with the value of t-statistic (4.88).Conclusion: Using the structural equation modeling, the research hypotheses can be investigated. The result of the research shows that market intelligence has the highest impact and internal records have the lowest impact on green marketing activity in Sarmad Insurance.
Original Research Paper
Comparative studies in the field of insurance
F. Azadbakht; M. Reshckouieh Jadidi
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The concept of Takaful in Islamic jurisprudence has a history as old as the history of Islam, but the use of Takaful in the insurance industry and in its literal sense dates back to about a century ago. Since the concept of insurance became popular in Islamic countries, Imamiyyah ...
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BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The concept of Takaful in Islamic jurisprudence has a history as old as the history of Islam, but the use of Takaful in the insurance industry and in its literal sense dates back to about a century ago. Since the concept of insurance became popular in Islamic countries, Imamiyyah jurists have theorized about it as one of the relevant emerging issues. Some consider insurance a legitimate independent contract, whereas some believe that, apart from considering the insurance contract as independent or not, it can be ensured by matching the insurance to one of the Islamic contracts. The opinions of this group of jurists have a significant similarity with the term Takaful. Based on this, the aim of this article is to extract Takaful jurisprudential concepts from the Mahud contracts stated in the insurance fatwas of this group of Imamiyyah jurists, considering their similarity with common contracts in Takaful operational models.METHODS: This research is of an applied type and has been carried out in a qualitative method using the library method and document study. The statistical population of this research is jurisprudential and scientific opinions of authorities, jurists, and scholars of Imamiyyah.FINDINGS: Imami jurists, before abstracting a concept called Takaful, provided the Shariah form of insurance with peace contracts, mudharabah and gift in exchange. The same issue has also appeared in Takaful raised by Sunnis. In fact, by taking advantage of the mentioned contracts, Shariah Takaful funds are also provided. In other words, Imami jurists were theorists of Takaful and Sunni jurists were Takaful implementers.CONCLUSION: By extracting the jurisprudential concepts of Takaful from the contracts stated in the Fatwas of Imamiyyah jurists and comparing them with the typical contracts in the operating models of Takaful, it can be said that the existence of contracts such as mutual peace, constitutional gift, partnership, mudharabah, etc. in the opinions and fatwas of Imamiyyah insurance jurists is accepted and repeated, and the existence of similarities between Imamiyya jurists' fatwas and Takaful models is undeniable. In addition, some jurists, in addition to amending the insurance contract, have considered it permissible to add things such as making a profit to customers for this purpose, which, although this issue is not in accordance with the principles of common insurance, it is in accordance with the principles of Takaful.Based on this, it can be said that since the beginning of the introduction of insurance into Islamic societies, the Imamiyya scholars have expressed some concepts of Takaful in their insurance fatwas, but since most of them considered the insurance contract a legitimate independent contract, Takaful concepts in this aspect have not been welcomed by the jurists and Insurers.
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